HtmlUnitDriver is currently the fastest and most lightweight implementation of WebDriver. HtmlUnitDriver is a well known headless browser driver and has many advantages -. HTMLUnitDriver is available as an external dependency and requires you to add the library explicitly. Note: In the earlier versions of Selenium before version 2. While this driver is still supported, it is now a separate dependency and uses the Html Unit framework.
These dependencies need to add in the project in the same way as other jars add. After downloading the jar file, follow the below steps to add the jar to the Eclipse project,. Once you have the jar added to the Eclipse project, you can import the class " org. HtmlUnitDriver " into your test code by adding the below line -. The above syntax will construct a new instance with JavaScript disabled, and the default browser version. If your application needs some of the JavaScript functionalities, you can enable the same, with the configurations as mentioned in the following article:.
It means in the above code, if you try to execute JavaScript , an error will be thrown, stating that JavaScript is not enabled. To create a driver instance with JavaScript enabled, you can use the constructor HtmlUnitDriver boolean enable javascript and set the value as true as shown below. Now that we have created the instance of the WebDriver let's see how we can use the same in our Selenium test scripts for running the tests in a headless mode.
When you run the code, you will not see any browser on the screen, but as the execution completes, it will print the title of the page as shown below -. As highlighted in the above image, the title of the page prints as "ToolsQA". This browser was by default on your machine.
If you want to execute the test cases in a specific browser version also, you can also do the same with the help of HTMLUnitDriver.
Let's understand how we can achieve the same:. HtmlUnitDriver allows you to select the version of the browser that you would like to run your tests. The main supported browsers are Chrome, Firefox, and Internet Explorer. We can use the different versions of the browser by passing the values in the constructor that will create a new instance with the specified version of the browser as in the code below -.
Again, you will not see any browser on the screen when the above code executes, and the page title will print in the output:. Headless Chrome is a way to run the Chrome browser in a headless environment without the full browser user interface.
Headless Chrome offers you a real browser context without the memory overhead of running a full version of Chrome. Google Chrome is available with headless execution since version Selenium WebDriver provides a class called "ChromeOptions" , which can specify certain configurations to change the default behavior of Chrome. One of those configurations is the "headless" mode, which launches the Chrome in headless mode while running the test cases.
The following code snippet shows how we can pass the "headless" option using the ChromeOptions class. It also displays how we can then use those options while creating the instance of the ChromeDriver:. In the above code, the browser is instructed to run in the headless mode using the addArgument method of the ChromeOptions class provided by the Selenium WebDriver. Now, suppose we have to run the same test case of the previous section, where we run the Selenium test using HTMLUnitDriver, on the Chrome headless mode, we can modify the code as shown below:.
Note: For setting up ChromeDriver and running the Selenium tests on the Chrome browser, you can refer to the article "Running tests in Chrome browser". For Headless Firefox, we have to work in the same way as we did in headless Chrome.
First, we will set the path for the Gecko Driver used for Firefox browser and then set the options as headless. You can use the below code to use Firefox in Headless mode -. For setting up FirefoxDriver and running the Selenium tests on the Firefox browser, you can refer to the article "Running tests in Firefox browser". In the above screenshot, you can see that the script execution clearly states, "Headless Mode is running" , as highlighted by marker '1', and then the title of the page is printed as 'ToolsQA' as highlighted by marker '2 '.
For headless execution in the Edge browser, we will use EdgeOptions Class to configure the headless execution. You can configure the settings for Edge Driver using this Class. It is similar to what we did for Chrome Browser using ChromeOptions in the above topic in this article. As the basis of the Edge is majorly the Chromium platform, so its options will also be almost similar to Chrome. Viewed times. NotGood NotGood 47 6 6 bronze badges.
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